Selecting the appropriate rotary actuator requires careful analysis of technical specifications and application requirements. This guide provides a comprehensive comparison framework to ensure optimal performance and reliability.
Technology Comparison Matrix:
| Parameter | Pneumatic | Hydraulic | Electric |
|---|---|---|---|
| Max Torque | Medium (to 5,000 lb-in) | High (to 1M lb-in) | Medium-High (to 50,000 lb-in) |
| Speed | Fast (0.1-2 sec/90°) | Medium (1-10 sec/90°) | Variable (programmable) |
| Accuracy | Low (±1°) | Medium (±0.5°) | High (±0.01°) |
| Stiffness | Low | High | High |
| Maintenance | Low | High | Medium |
Selection Criteria:
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Torque Requirements
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Calculate required torque with 50% safety factor
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Consider breakaway, running, and peak torque needs
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Account for external loads and acceleration forces
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Speed and Acceleration
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Cycle time requirements
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Load inertia calculations
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Acceleration/deceleration profiles
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Accuracy and Repeatability
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Positioning tolerance requirements
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Backlash specifications
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Thermal effects on accuracy
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Environmental Factors
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Temperature range (-40°C to 120°C)
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IP rating requirements (IP54 to IP69K)
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Hazardous location certifications
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Application-Specific Considerations:
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High-Cycle Applications: Electric for precision, pneumatic for speed
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Heavy-Duty Applications: Hydraulic for high torque and shock resistance
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Clean Environments: Electric to avoid fluid contamination
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Explosive Atmospheres: Pneumatic or explosion-proof electric